http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip...E1PA8Z,FAFNB,1
Norfolk: A case study in sea-level rise
… "Subsidence in the area has two other principal causes. The land continues to sink as it readjusts to distortions in Earth’s crust created by the continental ice sheets 10 000 years ago. (See “The puzzle of global sea-level rise” by Bruce Douglas and Richard Peltier,
Physics Today,
March 2002, page 35.) And a bolide—an extremely bright meteor—that slammed into the southern end of the Chesapeake Bay about 35 million years ago produced an 85-km-diameter crater into which the surrounding land continues to slowly slide. Larry Atkinson, an oceanographer at ODU, says that one-two punch probably accounts for about one-third of the total subsidence.
In addition to the effects of subsidence, the slowing of the Gulf Stream that began in the mid 1990s has had a noticeable effect on sea level by moving the current, which flows well above mean sea level, closer to the Virginia coast, notes Stiles.
J. Pat Rios, the US Navy’s director of facilities and environmental for the mid-Atlantic region, says that a further 61 cm rise in sea level is expected by 2050. Today, unusually high tides and a moderate
storm surge will sometimes necessitate shutting off the electric and steam lines that run under the naval base’s piers. By midcentury, he says, the same combination of events will flood most piers.”…