?The Militants Reject Modern Ideas in Favor of Traditional Muslim Theology?
No. Although Islamic hard-liners long to return to an idealized seventh-century
existence, they have little compunction about embracing the tools that modernity
provides. Their purported medievalism has not deterred militants from effectively
using the Internet and videocassettes to mobilize the faithful.
At the ideological level,
prominent thinkers such as Sayyid Qutb and Abu Ala Maududi have borrowed heavily from the organizational tactics of secular leftist
and anarchist revolutionaries. Their concept of the vanguard is influenced
by Leninist theory. Qutb's most important work, Ma'alim fi'l-tariq (Milestones),
reads in part like an Islamicized Communist Manifesto.A commonly used Arabic
word in the names of militant groups is Hizb (as in Lebanon's Hizb Allah, or
Hezbollah), which means ?party??another modern concept.
In fact, the militants often couch their grievances in Third-Worldist terms familiar to any contemporary antiglobalization activist. One recent document purporting to come from bin Laden berates the United States for failing to ratify the Kyoto agreement on climate change. Egyptian militant leader Ayman al-Zawahiri has decried multinational companies as a major evil. Mohammed Atta,
one of the September 11 hijackers, once told a friend how angered he was by
a world economic system that meant Egyptian farmers grew cash crops such as
strawberries for the West while the country's own people could barely afford
bread. In all these cases, the militants are framing modern political concerns,
including social justice, within a mythic and religious narrative. They do
not reject modernization per se, but they resent their failure to benefit from
that modernization.
Also, within the context of Islamic observance, these new Sunni militants
are not considered traditionalists, but radical reformers, because they reject
the authority of the established clergy and demand the right to interpret doctrine
themselves, despite a general lack of academic credentials on the part of leading figures such as bin Laden or Zawahiri.